Supplementary Materials

In the supplementary materials, the implementation details of the program are first described, encompassing the computation of Keldysh rates (based on the effective electric field) and the generation of surface roughness (based on Perlin Noise). Subsequently, transient plasma patterns under different amplitudes and orders of Perlin Noise are presented, along with proposing the use of HSFL as a criterion to distinguish surface roughness from waviness. Finally, a comparison between experimental results with multi-shots and simulation results is provided, demonstrating the model's predictive ability for the evolution of ablation morphology with pulse numbers.